Small particle size and rounded shape of ultradiamond90 eliminate peaks that other abrasives miss. Carbon surface gives more uniform dispersion (distribution) in carrier. Applications include final polishing of optical materials, crystals, metals, gallium arsenide, and silicon. link to home link to index of topics link to glossary
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  Final polishing agent
(ultradiamond90 and ultradiamond50)
Product
Improvements 		Reduce roughness
to a few nanometers,
or, for some materials, to 0.3 nanometers (3 angstroms)

Applications
(examples) 		Metals

Silicon, gallium arsenide

Optical materials and crystals
Sapphire, ruby
NaCl, KBr
Mechanism
(How ultradiamond90 and ultradiamond50 work) 		Mechanism
Small particle size and rounded shape eliminate peaks that other abrasives miss
Carbon surface of ultradiamond50 gives more uniform dispersion (distribution) in carrier
Procedures
(In manufacturing) 		Use for final polish
after using conventional-size polishing agents, use ultradiamond90 to reduce roughness to 1 nanometer (10 angstroms)
after using ultradiamond90, use ultradiamond50 to reduce roughness to as little as 0.3 nanometers (3 angstroms)
One relatively small conventional-size polishing agent is Mypolex.

Use in a variety of carriers
Water
Organic solvents
Pastes
Rubbers

Advanced Materials for the 21st Century

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